We all know that feed has a shelf life. Generally, the shelf life of feed is six months. Different seasons and different products have different shelf life. Therefore, we should watch the shelf life of feed before using feed, because expired pig feed will bring serious harm to breeders. So, what is the harm of using expired feed? Let's listen to the detailed introduction of pig feed manufacturers

過期飼料的主要危害有✘·◕↟│：

The main hazards of expired feed are as follows:

1╃•╃◕•、有害微生物及黴菌毒素超標◕◕││↟，對動物健康產生影響

1. Harmful microorganisms and mycotoxins exceed the standard and have an impact on animal health

過期飼料容易發生的問題是黴變◕◕││↟，引起飼料黴變的黴菌主要有黃麴黴菌╃•╃◕•、赭麴黴菌╃•╃◕•、禾穀鐮刀菌╃•╃◕•、推展青黴菌等╃↟✘·。動物採食後會降低生產效能◕◕││↟，對動物產生多方面的危害◕◕││↟，嚴重的甚至死亡╃↟✘·。如黃麴黴素是劇毒物質◕◕││↟，對動物肝臟有強烈破壞作用╃↟✘·。黴變飼料中毒的症狀因飼料的黴變程度╃•╃◕•、動物採食的多少和採食時間的長短而不同◕◕││↟，輕者出現胃腸炎╃•╃◕•、拉稀◕◕││↟，懷孕母畜流產◕◕││↟，重者出現神經症狀甚至死亡╃↟✘·。

The problem of expired feed is mildew. The main molds causing feed mildew are Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus ochraceus, Fusarium graminearum, Penicillium spreading and so on. After feeding, the production performance of animals will be reduced, which will do harm to animals in many aspects, even death. For example, aflatoxin is a highly toxic substance, which has a strong destructive effect on animal liver. The symptoms of mildewed feed poisoning vary with the degree of mildewed feed, the amount of food taken by animals and the length of time taken. Gastroenteritis and diarrhea occur in mild cases, abortion occurs in pregnant cows, and neurological symptoms and even death occur in severe cases.

2╃•╃◕•、過期飼料會造成飼料營養價值損失╃•╃◕•、風味劣變

2. Expired feed will cause loss of nutritional value and flavor deterioration

過期及發生黴變的飼料◕◕││↟，在高溫╃•╃◕•、高溼的外部環境下還可以激發脂肪酶╃•╃◕•、澱粉酶╃•╃◕•、蛋白酶等水解酶的活性◕◕││↟，在黴菌╃•╃◕•、飼料酶等因素協同作用下◕◕││↟，加快飼料中營養成分的分解速度◕◕││↟，營養價值嚴重降低╃↟✘·。如有的黴菌可使被感染的穀物中B族維生素◕◕││↟，維生素E或某種氨基酸的含量顯著下降◕◕││↟，長期飼餵這種飼料可引起某些營養缺乏症╃↟✘·。過期的黴變飼料還可以使感官性質惡化◕◕││↟，如具有刺激氣味╃•╃◕•、酸臭味道╃•╃◕•、顏色異常╃•╃◕•、黏稠汙穢感等◕◕││↟，嚴重影響適口性╃↟✘·。

Under the external environment of high temperature and humidity, the expired and moldy feed can also stimulate the activities of lipase, amylase, protease and other hydrolases. Under the synergistic effect of mold, feed enzyme and other factors, the decomposition speed of nutrients in feed is accelerated, and the nutritional value is seriously reduced. For example, some molds can significantly reduce the content of B vitamins, vitamin E or some amino acids in infected grains. Long term feeding of this kind of feed can cause some nutritional deficiencies. Expired moldy feed can also worsen sensory properties, such as pungent smell, sour taste, abnormal color, thick and dirty feeling, which seriously affect palatability.

3◕◕││↟，易造成飼料中脂肪和油脂出現酸敗等情況

3. It is easy to cause rancidity of fat and oil in feed

如果飼料中含有油脂的話◕◕││↟，過期飼料由於季節╃•╃◕•、溫度等原因◕◕││↟，易造成飼料中脂肪和油脂出現酸敗等情況╃↟✘·。飼餵這些飼料將造成畜禽應激◕◕││↟，並且酸敗或過期飼料中含有一些有機酸╃•╃◕•、遊離酸等小分子物質將刺激畜禽神經系統造成畜禽興奮◕◕││↟，從而產生跳圈或不睡覺的惡習╃↟✘·。

If there is fat in the feed, it is easy to cause rancidity of fat and oil in the feed due to season, temperature and other reasons. Feeding these feeds will cause livestock stress, and some organic acids, free acids and other small molecular substances in rancid or expired feeds will stimulate the nervous system of livestock and poultry, causing excitement of livestock and poultry, resulting in the bad habit of jumping circle or not sleeping.

經過豬飼料廠家帶來的詳細介紹◕◕││↟，我們瞭解到過期飼料具有許多危害◕◕││↟，因此養殖者務必高度重視◕◕││↟，絕不能擅作主張使用過期飼料╃↟✘·。在養殖過程中◕◕││↟，要根據養殖動物的數量和採食量合理購買飼料並妥善儲存◕◕││↟，避免在貯存過程中發生黴變現象◕◕││↟，也要避免飼料的過期浪費╃↟✘·。

Through the detailed introduction of pig feed manufacturers, we know that expired feed has many hazards, so the breeders must attach great importance to it, and must not be good at advocating the use of expired feed. In the process of breeding, feed should be reasonably purchased and properly preserved according to the number and feed intake of breeding animals, so as to avoid mildew and waste of feed.